Secondary battery.



H. P. JOEL. SECONDARY BATTERY. APPLIGATIOH FILED APP.. 13.1909.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Slt

Cri

HENRY FRANCIS JOEL, FOREST GATE, ENGLAND.

SEGONDARY BATTERY.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 24., 1905).

` Application led April 13, 1908. Serial No. 426,806.

To all whom it may concern:

lBe it known that I, HENRY FRANCIS JOEL, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, residing at Forest Gate, Essex, in England, have inventedlcertain new and useful Im# prm'ements'in Secondary Batteries; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichitI appertains to make vand use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in secondary batteries in which apositive and a negative electrode are immersed in an electrolyte; andthe objects of my improvements are, firstto improve the circulation ofthe electrolyte; second to provide room for the expansion ot' theelectrodes; .and third to provide for the easy escapeotl the gasesevolved so asfto keep the surfaces ot the electrodes clear of them.

ln the accompanying drawings Figure l, is a vvertical section ol" abattery cell ot the pasted or Fame type on the line X Y Z ot Fig. Fig'.2, is a plan view in section ot the cell shown in Fig. l .j Fig. 3, is avertical section of a cell with a. modified form of separating,lcylinder; Fig. 4, is a` plan view in section of the cell shown in Fic'.Fifr. 5

shows another` modification of the separating cylinder; and Fig. 6,shows in plan view theI separator in a cell.

Referringl to Figs. l and 2, A is the cylindrical positive electrodeformed by pasting active material a on the inside and outside of themetallic grid B. Preferably the elecv tzrode is made hollow so that thecentral hole K affords an additional passage for the circulation of theelectrolyte, and to give access to this central hole the bottom end ofthe grid is provided with openings L through which the liquid can pass.The negative electrode C is also formed by pastimer active material c ona cylindrical grid D and between the electrodes a vporous corrugatedseptum E is interposed which allows the liquid electrolyte to passthrough it.; the projecting ridges ot the septum E -act as distancepieces to keep the electrodes A and (l the desired distance apart, andalso vdivide the spaceV into a` series ot verticalchannels O1 and O2 thepurpose ot' which is to allow of the easy escape ot the gases evolved atthe surfaces ot' thc active material n. and c owing' tothe*decomposition ol2 the electrolyte by the electric current. Ilrepresents'the level of the electrolyte contained in the cell J. The gasin rising induces an upward tiow in the electrolyte from the bottom ofthe cell at I where the liquid is usuallymost dense4 through thochannels O, O, to the upper part of the cell where theelectrolyte isless dense, and thus it (the gas) assists in scting' up an auxiliaryautomatic circulation tending to equalize the electrolyte throughout thecell with advantage to theetliciency and output. The separator cylindermay be either open or closed at its bottom cud.

Figs. 3 and 'l show a` similar cell as rev(cards the electrode but theseparator El in this case is formed ot a cylinder of ebonite or otherinsulating' material and to allow of thc passage of the electrolytethrough it a large numberct small holes c are formed over its surface;the vertical channels O1, O2, are formed by making a series of ridges elon the inside and outside surfaces of the cylinder FR and these Aalsoact as distance pieces to secure the electrodes the right dis tanceapart. The action ot' the channels O1, O", is the same as before; theyform an easy passage for tho circulation ot' the electrolyte and provideroom tor the expansion ot' the active material.

lt sliould'be understood that either torni of separator described may beperforated. or either may be ot porousI material. without detriment totheir action it being simply a matter of convenience.

Figs. and ti show a separator El composed ot' ebonite, celluloid,.or thelike, having ridges c2 projectingl on each side: and perforated sectionsc between. This separator -is corrugated in torni in order to Iit. intoar cell in which cylindrical corrugated electrl'ides Cl, are used, thevertical. channels 0, O2. being still 'obtained between the ridges otthe separator. l ha ve referred herein to thc ridges as bcing'continuons buty it must be understood that this is not necessarily ,.so;they may be broken up into a series ot )1ojections, or. even points`without any eil-eat. detrimentto the action ot' the cell. Further thoughdescribed hei'ein in ret'ercnce to a pasted or Faure type ot cell itshould be understood that the invention is equally applicable to a cellformed with electrodes of the llant(` type by the elcctrolytic action ofa current.

y eeiee What l claim :is my invention and desire to secure by Lettersljetent is :M

l. ln e secondary battery and in combinetion7 a cylindrical positiveelectrode, a. cy liiidriczil negative electrode disposed concentricallyaround the positive electrode with :i space between thein and with aspace between its outer siirlnce and the cell casing, the electrodesbeing` so disposed in the cell as to leave space for lliiid above andbelow seid electrodes, n cylindrical separator interposed between theelectrodes, end vertical ridges on the inside sind outside surfaces ofthe separator so that free if'erticzil channels are formed between it iiiid the electrodes which directly' 'connect the open spaces :it the top:ind bottoni of thel cell, substantially :is de scribed. l

2. ln ii secondary bziltei'y and in combine,- tion, fr cylindricalpositive electrode, a cylin driefil negative electrode disposedconcentricelly around the positive electrode with :i space between themrind with e space be tween its enter siirit'ncc Aand the cell casing, iicylindrical Siegerin-or iiiterpesed between the l odes, rerti'telprojecting ridges on the inside und outside surfaces oi the seperater sothat 'free vertical channels are formeel between liy end he electrodeson either side, and wenns l'or siipporting the electrodes so as to leeres tree 'pio' for the 1 y bottoni olf the cell trein the spaces adjoiningthe iiiiictire suri; the electrodes tothe chuiii'iels lietweeilsiirlices7 siihsinnliiilly :is

y :ind in coiiiblnfileciti-ode, ii cylin- A coneenround the positive'ede 'with een thezii und, 'ii-itl: ifi space lie-1 ell casing.bili-tween tance from the lower end of the separator end havingiiierlnrations therein leading into the ehennels termed between theseparator und electrodes and. perfor-ations in the wiill of theseparator below the bottom, whereby r. direct passage is formed throughwhich the curr oi' electrolyte descending pest the inactive surfaces ofthe electrodes may torce alhe iense electrolyte :it the base el the cellinto the channels between the active sortante-s, snhsteiitielly esdescribed battery and in coinbinir- #ical positive grid, e cylindricall-. ln e secondary tion, n cylin. negative grid d V)csed concentricnllyaround the positive gril leaving; il space between them, ii-:xliseii'ieilerel pasted on the adjacent feces, n. eiflinilriciil separatorinterposed between the el'=ctro les7 Verticnl projecting ridges on thereside and outside siii-feces the that Vertical channels nre ornieilbetween it iiiul the electrodes-on either side, i lioiieiii in seidseparator for siipliioriiiig; the positive elei'ftri'ide located n'short rlisiiiiiee from the lower end oi: the separator unil havingZierlioriitions therein lending into ihe channels lfoifilied'between theseparator :ind electrodes :ind perloriitioiis in the will oi' ali-eseparator below the boitoiii; .if'herehjjx :i direct pn; ge 'for thedense electrolyte il ihr-lsl 'v ol the cell iiilo llic eliiiiiiiels isliiil, siilis ,iiiiilli' :is described.

ln leslie whereof, l iillix niy signetiiri:7 in iii-i

